A Review of Chaos Control Strategies for Tri-trophic Food Chain Ecological Systems

Sivasamy Ramasamy; David Banjerdpongchai; PooGyeon  Park

doi:10.4186/ej.2023.27.9.39

A Review of Chaos Control Strategies for Tri-trophic Food Chain Ecological Systems

Authors

Sivasamy Ramasamy Chulalongkorn University
David Banjerdpongchai Chulalongkorn University
PooGyeon Park Pohang University of Science and Technology

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2023.27.9.39

Keywords:

food chain model, chaos control strategies, ecological systems, additional food, prey refuge, Allee effect, fear effect, species harvesting

Abstract

The existence of chaos in ecological models is quite obvious due to the presence of nonlinear terms. Controlling chaotic phenomena in ecological systems remains a difficult task due to their unpredictability, and thus chaos control is one of the main objectives for constructing mathematical models in ecology today. Our aim in this paper is to review chaos control strategies for the tri-trophic food chain models by using various ecological factors. The factors include additional food, prey refuge, the Allee effect, the fear effect, and harvesting. We establish the essential conditions for the existence of ecologically feasible equilibrium points in the food chain ecological systems and their local stability. This paper provides a unified overview of recent research on the chaos control of ecological systems. The theoretical results suggest a way to control populations of species in ecological systems for fishing and pest management in farming. Numerical examples are performed to justify and compare the theoretical findings through phase portraits and bifurcation diagrams.

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Author Biographies

Sivasamy Ramasamy
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Center of Excellence in Intelligent Control Automation of Process Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

David Banjerdpongchai
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Center of Excellence in Intelligent Control Automation of Process Systems, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

PooGyeon Park
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Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea

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Published In

Vol 27 No 9, Sep 30, 2023

How to Cite

[1]

S. Ramasamy, D. Banjerdpongchai, and P. . Park, “A Review of Chaos Control Strategies for Tri-trophic Food Chain Ecological Systems”, Eng. J., vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 39-54, Sep. 2023.

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